Renmin University of China (RUC) and Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) co-hosted the online International Conference on Climate Change, Environment and Development in China and Brazil on November 25-26, 2021. The conference was organized by the Institute of Carbon Dioxide and School of Agriculture Economics and Rural Development, Renmin University of China. About 40 teachers and students from RUC, UFMG, Shanghai International Studies University and The Asia-Pacific Network for Sustainable Forest Management and Rehabilitation (APFNet) and keynote speakers attended the conference. At the opening ceremony, Prof. Liu Yuanchun, Vice President of RUC, Prof. Sandra Almeida, President of UFMG, Ms Katia Abreu, Former Minister of Agriculture and member of Congress, Brazil and Mr Qu Guilin, Former Director of State Forestry and Pasture Administration, China and former Secretary-general of APFNet, delivered speeches respectively. Vice President Liu Yuanchun pointed out that environment and development are the mainstreams of today's world and major issues facing developing countries. Both China and Brazil have taken an active part in the global action on climate change and have made great achievements. However, China and Brazil face enormous challenges, including the impact of COVID-19 and anti-globalization, environmental issues such as climate change and deforestation, and development issues such as the widening income gap and increasing middle-income and low-income population. Facing new situations and challenges, Chinese and Brazilian scholars should strengthen research cooperation, promote ecological and social governance, and contribute to global poverty reduction and ecological civilization. Liu hoped that the cooperation agreement between RUC and UFMG could be implemented as soon as possible and that the China-Brazil Joint Research Centre could strengthen cooperative relationship between the two universities and produce a series of cooperation achievements. Other guest speakers noted that the China-Brazil Joint Research Center is an important research center established between China and a South American country, which would act as an important platform for experiencing exchange between China and Brazil on environmental and development issues. The opening ceremony was followed by a two-day symposium entitled " Climate Change, Environment and Development in China and Brazil". Marilia Melo, state secretary of Minas Gerais, Brazil for the environment, delivered a keynote speech on Brazil's challenges for the decarbonization of the economy in 2050. Professor Liu Jinlong, School of Agriculture and Rural Development, RUC, introduced China's ecological civilization strategy. Professor Raoni Rajao, UFMG, Brazil, presented "Towards a new agro-environmental partnership: how China is greening its agricultural imports and what it means to Brazil". Rubens Ricupero, Former Minister for the Environment in Brazil and ambassador to the United States and other countries and organizations, delivered a speech titled "Prospects for Brazil-China Cooperation in Tackling the Global Warming Challenge". Professor Zhen Lei, Researcher from the Institute of Geography and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, introduced land degradation prevention technologies and best practices. Professor Wang Ke from School of Environment, RUC, introduced China's carbon neutrality target, implementation path and policy progress. Klaus Dalgaard, professor at UFMG, talked on "Brazil’s Ethanol Diplomacy Relaunched". At the end of the symposium, scholars from both sides discussed research cooperation between China and Brazil. Both China and Brazil have taken an active part in the global fight against climate change and have made great achievements. However, both countries also face huge challenges. This conference has set up a platform for both sides to cooperate and laid a foundation for future cooperative research. In the future, the China-Brazil Joint Research Center will provide more opportunities for researchers from both sides to work together to address the challenges facing China and Brazil.